By Alisha Simpson-Watt, LCSW, BCBA, LBA
Fall Transitions Bring a Lot of Change at Once
There is something special about the arrival of fall. The air becomes crisp, the leaves begin to change, and families start looking forward to fairs, festivals, apple picking, pumpkin patches, football games, comfort foods, and new family traditions.
For some neurodivergent children, however, the transition from summer to fall can bring a lot of change at once. Cooler temperatures may mean unfamiliar clothing, such as jackets, hats, or layers. Family outings may introduce crowds, loud sounds, flashing lights, unfamiliar smells, and changes to familiar routines. Even an activity that looks exciting to the rest of the family can feel overwhelming when a child is navigating sensory sensitivities, communication differences, or uncertainty about what comes next.
This is well documented. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention lists unusual reactions to the way things sound, smell, taste, look, or feel among the characteristics of autism, along with getting upset by minor changes and needing to follow certain routines. Fall can ask a child for all three at the same time.
This does not mean our children cannot enjoy fall.
It may simply mean that we need to create opportunities for them to experience the season in ways that respect who they are.
Preparing for Changes in the Weather
Before the weather changes, prepare your child by talking about the differences between seasons. You might read a book, create a social story, or review pictures that show what each season can look and feel like.
Talk about what people may wear and what activities they may do. For example, summer may mean wearing shorts, shirts, and bathing suits for water play, while fall may bring long sleeves, pants, jackets, and activities such as fairs and festivals.
Whenever possible, connect the season to your child’s interests. If your child loves apples, apple picking may be a meaningful way to introduce a new fall experience. If your child enjoys leaves, collecting different colors and shapes can become part of a family tradition.
Clothing changes can also take some preparation. If your child finds certain textures, materials, or layers uncomfortable, introduce new items before they are needed. Allow your child to explore a jacket, hoodie, or hat without immediately requiring them to wear it for an extended period. Offer two weather-appropriate choices when possible, as giving children some control can make an unfamiliar change feel more manageable.
Preparing for Family Fun Events
With fall comes family fun events such as fairs, carnivals, and festivals. Prepare your child for what the event may look and feel like, including what they may see, such as large crowds, and what they may hear, such as loud music or other unexpected noises.
Use pictures, social stories, and videos to review the experience ahead of time. You can also talk through what your child can do if they feel uncomfortable, such as wearing headphones, bringing a comfort item, asking for a break, or requesting to leave.
Many venues now plan for this. KultureCity, which has certified more than 3,000 sensory inclusive locations worldwide, supplies participating venues with sensory bags, noise-canceling headphones, quiet areas, and an app families can use to find certified places near them.
Allow your child to participate by choice in the event. If they need a break, be prepared to step away. Remember, the goal is not to make your child stay simply because you made plans to attend. The goal is to help them have an experience that feels safe and enjoyable.
Maintain Familiar Routines
Try to keep your child’s schedule as predictable as possible. This can help reduce anxiety related to uncertainty.
Researchers who interviewed the caregivers of 53 autistic children found that uncertain situations affected not only the children themselves but the daily functioning of the whole family. Predictability is not a small thing.
Seasonal activities do not have to mean completely changing your child’s routine. Keep familiar meals, bedtime routines, comfort items, and transition strategies consistent. Bring what already works with you.
- Keep the visual schedule.
- If your child responds well to a visual schedule, continue using one during seasonal activities. A review of 31 studies found that visual activity schedules meet the standard for an evidence-based practice for autistic individuals from the preschool years through adulthood.
- Bring the timer.
- If timers help your child understand when an activity is ending, bring that familiar strategy with you.
- Build in transition time.
- If your child needs time to transition between activities, build that time into your plans.
- Pack the comfort items.
- A familiar object, a favorite snack, or a pair of headphones can make an unfamiliar place feel manageable. One study that used wearable sensors found that noise-attenuating headphones lowered physiological signs of stress in autistic children with sound sensitivity.
Small routines can provide a sense of familiarity even when everything around your child looks different.
Let Your Child Define the “Fun”
One of the most important things we can do as parents and caregivers is let our children define what fun means to them.
We may picture our child riding a hayride, getting their face painted, running through a crowded fall festival, or choosing a pumpkin from a busy patch.
But our child may have a completely different idea.
Remember that every small improvement is a win. If your child is able to attend an activity and participate for five minutes, that still matters. They stepped outside their comfort zone and tried something new.
If your child does not want to ride the hayride, can only stay at the event for 20 minutes, or wants to pick a pumpkin without joining a large group, that is okay.
Participation may not look the same for every child.
Sometimes, we have to let go of our idea of what the experience should look like and make room for what works for our child.
In Closing
The goal isn’t just for your child to tolerate the change in season. The goal is for them to feel like they belong.
Our children should not be expected to experience fall like everyone else. Sometimes inclusion means changing our expectations and the environment so they can feel supported.
If large events aren’t their jam, that’s okay.
We can create smaller experiences, such as collecting leaves, visiting a pumpkin patch during a quieter time, taking a short walk to enjoy the changing trees, or decorating at home.
Sometimes we must slow down to recognize what brings our child joy during the fall season.
And sometimes, creating space for neurodivergent joy means remembering that a successful fall experience does not have to look like everyone else’s.
If your family is also settling into school-year routines, you may find the previous column helpful: Rooted in Care: Supporting Neurodivergent Children Through Back-to-School Transitions.
Frequently Asked Questions
What should I do if my child does not want to put on their coat?
Sometimes a child may not want to put on their coat because of sensory needs or because the coat feels new and different.
Practice putting on the coat before leaving home. Offer two coat choices when possible, paying attention to the material, weight, and fit. You might also allow your child to touch and explore the coat before wearing it.
If your child wears the coat for several minutes, provide praise and continue practicing the skill over time. The goal is to help your child gradually become more comfortable with the coat while keeping getting dressed a positive experience.
What do I do if we are at a fair and my child wants to go home?
Remember that fairs may include flashing lights, loud music, unfamiliar smells, crowds, and unexpected changes that can become overwhelming for a child with sensory sensitivities.
It’s okay to take a break from the event, and it can still be counted as a win that your child stayed for as long as they were able.
If your child communicates that they want to leave, listen to that communication. Leaving does not mean the experience was unsuccessful.
In the future, try to prepare for the trip as much as possible by bringing comfort items, reviewing what your child can expect at the event, identifying a quieter space, and having a plan for taking breaks.
Do I need to tell people my child has autism at family fun events?
No. It’s a personal decision, and it also depends on the context and why you are sharing your child’s needs.
Sometimes it can be helpful to share with event coordinators so they can better understand and accommodate your family’s needs. Other times, you may decide that sharing that information is not necessary.
The important thing is that you feel comfortable advocating for what your child needs. The Autistic Self Advocacy Network has a free guide for parents that walks through how to think about disclosure and self-advocacy as your child grows.
When should I begin to prepare my child for changes in the season?
Begin preparing your child several weeks before the season changes so they have time to become familiar with new routines, clothing, activities, and expectations.
However, it’s never too late to start. If the weather has already changed or fall activities are already underway, you can still introduce new routines and expectations gradually.
Where can I find sensory-friendly fall events and free visual supports?
These are free or low-cost places to start.
- KultureCity: find sensory inclusive venues and events near you
- Autism Speaks: Autism Care Network/AIR-P Visual Supports Tool Kit
- AFIRM at UNC: Visual Supports Brief Packet
- AFIRM at UNC: Social Narratives Brief Packet
- American Occupational Therapy Association: noise-canceling headphones research update
- CDC: signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder
References
American Occupational Therapy Association. (2023). Research update: Noise-canceling headphones for autistic children. aota.org
Autism Speaks. (n.d.). Adapting your environment. autismspeaks.org
Autism Speaks. (n.d.). Autism Care Network/AIR-P visual supports and autism. autismspeaks.org
Autistic Self Advocacy Network. (n.d.). Start here: A guide for parents of autistic kids. autisticadvocacy.org
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. cdc.gov
Dunlap, G., & Liso, D. (2004). Using choice and preference to promote improved behavior (What Works Brief No. 15). Center on the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning. csefel.vanderbilt.edu
Goodwin, J., Rob, P., Freeston, M., Garland, D., Grahame, V., Kernohan, A., Labus, M., Osborne, M., Parr, J. R., Wright, C., & Rodgers, J. (2022). Caregiver perspectives on the impact of uncertainty on the everyday lives of autistic children and their families. Autism, 26(4), 827–838. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613211033757
Knight, V., Sartini, E., & Spriggs, A. D. (2015). Evaluating visual activity schedules as evidence-based practice for individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(1), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2201-z
KultureCity. (n.d.). Sensory Inclusive certification. kulturecity.org
AFIRM Team. (2025). Social narratives brief packet. Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. afirm.fpg.unc.edu
AFIRM Team. (2024). Visual supports brief packet. Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. afirm.fpg.unc.edu
Pfeiffer, B., Stein Duker, L., Murphy, A., & Shui, C. (2019). Effectiveness of noise-attenuating headphones on physiological responses for children with autism spectrum disorders. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 13, 65. frontiersin.org
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